He is also the namesake of Platonic love and the Platonic solids. His most famous contribution is the theory of Forms known by pure reason, in which Plato presents a solution to the problem of universals known as Platonism (also ambiguously called either Platonic realism or Platonic idealism). Plato is also considered the founder of Western political philosophy. Plato was the innovator of the written dialogue and dialectic forms in philosophy. Alfred North Whitehead once noted: “the safest general characterization of the European philosophical tradition is that it consists of a series of footnotes to Plato.”
The so-called Neoplatonism of philosophers like Plotinus and Porphyry influenced Saint Augustine and thus Christianity. Plato has also often been cited as one of the founders of Western religion and spirituality. He is widely considered the pivotal figure in the history of Ancient Greek and Western philosophy, along with his teacher, Socrates, and his most famous student, Aristotle. Plato (/ˈpleɪtoʊ/ PLAY-toe Greek: Πλάτων Plátōn, pronounced in Classical Attic 428/427 or 424/423 – 348/347 BC) was an Athenian philosopher during the Classical period in Ancient Greece, founder of the Platonist school of thought, and the Academy, the first institution of higher learning in the Western world. It is one of the shortest of Plato’s dialogues.
In Plato’s Ion (/ˈaɪɒn/ Greek: Ἴων) Socrates discusses with the titular character, a professional rhapsode who also lectures on Homer, the question of whether the rhapsode, a performer of poetry, gives his performance on account of his skill and knowledge or by virtue of divine possession.
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